Peru administratively is divided in 25 departments and one constitutional province (El Callao).

The region of the Coast is a narrow strip that extends throughout 2,650 km and whose width varies between 65 and 160 km. At the coast are the main industrial cities and the most important ports of the country.

The biggest city of the country is Lima, the capital of the republic and main center of commerce. Other important cities are Callao, main fishing port of Peru near Lima, Arequipa, industrial and agricultural center, Trujillo, important commercial center and Cuzco, old capital of the Inca Empire, the most important historical and archaeological center.

The most important waterway is the Amazon river, through which ships sail from the Atlantic Ocean to Iquitos, the main Amazonian port of Peru. Peruvian seaports are Callao, Chimbote, Salaverry, Paita, Matarani , Ilo and San Juan. The main international airport is Jorge Chávez, located between Lima and Callao.